Salah
After the adhan — earns the Prophet's ﷺ intercession
اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ هَذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ التَّامَّةِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْقَائِمَةِ آتِ مُحَمَّدًا الْوَسِيلَةَ وَالْفَضِيلَةَ وَابْعَثْهُ مَقَامًا مَحْمُودًا الَّذِي وَعَدْتَهُ
Allahumma rabba haadhihid-da'watit-taammati was-salaatil-qaa'imah, aati Muhammadanil-waseelata wal-fadeelah, wab'ath-hu maqaaman mahmoodanil-ladhee wa'adtah
O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and established prayer, grant Muhammad the intercession and favour, and raise him to the praised station You promised him.
— Sahih Bukhari 614
Opening supplication after the takbir of salah
سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ وَلَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ
Subhaanakal-laahumma wa bihamdik, wa tabaarakas-muk, wa ta'aalaa jadduk, wa laa ilaaha ghayruk
Glory be to You, O Allah, and all praise. Blessed is Your name, exalted is Your majesty, and there is no god worthy of worship except You.
— Abu Dawud 775
Immediately after every prayer
أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ (ثَلَاثًا) اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ وَمِنْكَ السَّلَامُ تَبَارَكْتَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ
Astaghfirullaah (3x). Allahumma antas-salaamu wa minkas-salaam, tabaarakta yaa dhal-jalaali wal-ikraam
I seek Allah's forgiveness (three times). O Allah, You are Peace and from You is peace. Blessed are You, O Possessor of majesty and honour.
— Sahih Muslim 591
After every prayer — sins forgiven even if like the foam of the sea
سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ (٣٣) الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ (٣٣) اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ (٣٣) لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
SubhaanAllah (33), Alhamdu lillaah (33), Allahu Akbar (33), laa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahu laa shareeka lah, lahul-mulku wa lahul-hamdu wa huwa 'alaa kulli shay'in qadeer
Glory be to Allah (33), all praise is for Allah (33), Allah is the Greatest (33). None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone, without partner. His is the dominion and His is the praise, and He is able to do all things.
— Sahih Muslim 597
Salat al-Istikharah — when making a decision (name your matter)
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَخِيرُكَ بِعِلْمِكَ وَأَسْتَقْدِرُكَ بِقُدْرَتِكَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ الْعَظِيمِ فَإِنَّكَ تَقْدِرُ وَلَا أَقْدِرُ وَتَعْلَمُ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ وَأَنْتَ عَلَّامُ الْغُيُوبِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ خَيْرٌ لِي فِي دِينِي وَمَعَاشِي وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِي فَاقْدُرْهُ لِي وَيَسِّرْهُ لِي ثُمَّ بَارِكْ لِي فِيهِ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ شَرٌّ لِي فِي دِينِي وَمَعَاشِي وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِي فَاصْرِفْهُ عَنِّي وَاصْرِفْنِي عَنْهُ وَاقْدُرْ لِيَ الْخَيْرَ حَيْثُ كَانَ ثُمَّ أَرْضِنِي بِهِ
Allahumma innee astakheeruka bi'ilmik, wa astaqdiruka biqudratik, wa as-aluka min fadlikal-'adheem, fa-innaka taqdiru wa laa aqdir, wa ta'lamu wa laa a'lam, wa anta 'allaamul-ghuyoob. Allahumma in kunta ta'lamu anna haadhal-amra khayrun lee fee deenee wa ma'aashee wa 'aaqibati amree faqdurhu lee wa yassirhu lee thumma baarik lee feeh. Wa in kunta ta'lamu anna haadhal-amra sharrun lee fee deenee wa ma'aashee wa 'aaqibati amree fasrifhu 'annee wasrifnee 'anhu, waqdur liyal-khayra haythu kaana thumma ardinee bih
O Allah, I seek Your guidance through Your knowledge, and I seek ability through Your power, and I ask You of Your great bounty. You have power and I have none, You know and I know not — You are the Knower of the unseen. O Allah, if You know this matter to be good for me in my religion, my livelihood and my end, then decree it for me, ease it for me, and bless me in it. And if You know it to be bad for me, then turn it away from me and turn me away from it, and decree for me the good wherever it may be, then make me content with it.
— Sahih Bukhari 1166
Qunut of Witr prayer
اللَّهُمَّ اهْدِنِي فِيمَنْ هَدَيْتَ وَعَافِنِي فِيمَنْ عَافَيْتَ وَتَوَلَّنِي فِيمَنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ وَبَارِكْ لِي فِيمَا أَعْطَيْتَ وَقِنِي شَرَّ مَا قَضَيْتَ
Allahummah-dinee feeman hadayt, wa 'aafinee feeman 'aafayt, wa tawallanee feeman tawallayt, wa baarik lee feemaa a'tayt, wa qinee sharra maa qadayt
O Allah, guide me among those You have guided, grant me wellbeing among those You have granted wellbeing, take charge of me among those You have taken charge of, bless me in what You have given, and protect me from the evil of what You have decreed.
— Abu Dawud 1425